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fix(css): join the rules a nesting hoist leaves side by side - #22268

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aryanraj45:fix/css-join-hoisted-nested-rules
Sep 23, 2026
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alexander-akait merged 4 commits into
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aryanraj45:fix/css-join-hoisted-nested-rules

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@aryanraj45

@aryanraj45 aryanraj45 commented Sep 22, 2026 •

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Summary

Lowering nesting writes a nested rule out on its own, and _writeNested concatenates those rules as text — so they never become entries the sibling merge reads. a{.x{top:0}.y{top:0}} printed a .x{top:0}a .y{top:0} where a second pass writes a .x,a .y{top:0}. They are neighbors there and nowhere else, so the run is joined where it is built.

The join concatenates like every other one and the list is ordered once where the run ends, so a run costs what it appends rather than a re-read of a list still growing. The rule the hoist emptied stands in front of that run and takes the join too where it prints the same block — a{top:0;.x{top:0}.y{top:0}} is one rule, a,a .x,a .y{top:0} — and is left alone where it prints another, or where anything but it and its block stood there.

Found by the idempotence sweep once the corpus grew synthetic nesting fixtures; the existing corpus reaches this shape nowhere.

Measured against a feature-off baseline in the same session, best of five: 3000 nested rules in one run print 43,896 B in 48.2 ms against 61,890 B in 49.6 ms; 1000 parents of three nested rules print 35,670 B in 22.4 ms against 47,670 B in 32.6 ms. Where no two neighbors print alike the output is byte-identical (75,778 B) at 51.9 ms against 69.0 ms, and the repo's retracted declarations benchmark fixture is unchanged at 3541 B, 118.1 ms against 129.0 ms.

What kind of change does this PR introduce?

fix

Did you add tests for your changes?

Yes — ten unit cases in CssSyntax.unittest.js: two rules, a run of three, the rules & writes, the emptied parent joining and not joining, a run parted by a rule printing another block, the at-rule the run was written under, a block that keeps its nesting because a declaration follows a rule, a target that reads nesting so nothing is hoisted, and shortenSelectors: false. configCases/css/minify-hoisted-nested-join reads seven shapes off the emitted stylesheet and checks it against a second pass. Breaking each of the three parts separately fails 7, 1 and 2 of them, which I checked by doing it.

Does this PR introduce a breaking change?

No. The same rules are printed against the same elements; the ones that print one block are written as the one rule they are.

If relevant, what needs to be documented once your changes are merged or what have you already documented?

n/a

Use of AI

AI was used. It wrote the synthetic fixtures that found the divergence, reduced it to a{.x{top:0}.y{top:0}}, wrote the change and the cases, measured the cost against a feature-off baseline, and broke each part of the fix to check a case catches it. I reviewed the result.

Summary by CodeRabbit

  • Bug Fixes

    • Improved CSS minification by joining adjacent selectors with identical styles after nested rules are hoisted, with selectors in a consistent order.
    • Preserved separate rules when styles differ or a hoisted run cannot be safely joined.
    • Maintained stable output across repeated minification passes.
  • Tests

    • Added coverage for selector joining around hoisted rules and for cases where rules must remain separate.

Lowering nesting writes a nested rule out on its own, as text, so the sibling
merge never reads it: `a{.x{top:0}.y{top:0}}` printed two rules where a
second pass writes `a .x,a .y{top:0}`. The run is joined where it is built,
concatenating like every other join, and the list is ordered once where the
run ends. The rule the hoist emptied stands in front of that run and takes
the join too where it prints the same block.
@github-actions github-actions Bot added the area: css CSS support (lib/css) label Sep 22, 2026
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changeset-bot Bot commented Sep 22, 2026 •

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🦋 Changeset detected

Latest commit: ef7f3d7

The changes in this PR will be included in the next version bump.

This PR includes changesets to release 1 package
Name Type
webpack Patch

Not sure what this means? Click here to learn what changesets are.

Click here if you're a maintainer who wants to add another changeset to this PR

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📝 Walkthrough

Walkthrough

The CSS printer now joins compatible hoisted nested rules into canonical selector lists and avoids duplicate blocks. Unit and integration tests cover joining behavior, generated output, and second-pass stability.

Changes

CSS hoisted nested-rule joining

Layer / File(s) Summary
Hoisted nested-rule printer joining
lib/css/syntax-parser.js, lib/css/syntax-printer.js
Exports _canonicalSelectorList. The printer merges adjacent hoisted rules with equal block bodies and tracks when a hoisted run includes its parent.
Selector-joining behavior validation
test/unitCases/CssSyntax.unittest.js
Tests selector ordering, & rules, differing blocks, disabled selector shortening, trailing declarations, and targets with native nesting support.
Minification integration coverage
test/configCases/css/minify-hoisted-nested-join/*, .changeset/013-css-hoisted-nested-join.md
Adds a Chrome 100 minification case with output assertions and second-pass equality checks. Declares a patch release.

Suggested reviewers: alexander-akait

Priority: ⬇️ Low

Change: Bug fix

Merge Risk: 🔵 Low · up to ef7f3

Some minified nested CSS can contain a duplicated parent rule. This is a bounded output-size regression, but should be corrected before release if practical.

🚥 Pre-merge checks | ✅ 3 | ❌ 1

❌ Failed checks (1 inconclusive)

Check name Status Explanation Resolution
Title check ❓ Inconclusive The title follows the required conventional-commit form and describes the CSS nesting-hoist change. The branch prefix was not provided, so the type-prefix match cannot be verified. Provide the branch name or its required prefix to verify that fix matches it.
✅ Passed checks (3 passed)
Check name Status Explanation
Description Check ✅ Passed Check skipped - CodeRabbit’s high-level summary is enabled.
Linked Issues check ✅ Passed Check skipped because no linked issues were found for this pull request.
Out of Scope Changes check ✅ Passed Check skipped because no linked issues were found for this pull request.

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codecov Bot commented Sep 22, 2026 •

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Codecov Report

✅ All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests.
✅ Project coverage is 95.60%. Comparing base (7e6cb67) to head (ef7f3d7).

Additional details and impacted files
@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main   #22268      +/-   ##
==========================================
- Coverage   95.60%   95.60%   -0.01%     
==========================================
  Files         761      761              
  Lines      105291   105324      +33     
  Branches    32498    32509      +11     
==========================================
+ Hits       100665   100696      +31     
- Misses       4626     4628       +2     
Flag Coverage Δ
css-parsing 24.70% <39.47%> (+<0.01%) ⬆️
html5lib 27.35% <ø> (ø)
integration 84.02% <50.00%> (+<0.01%) ⬆️
syntax-equivalence 78.86% <84.21%> (+0.01%) ⬆️
test262 45.04% <ø> (+<0.01%) ⬆️
unit 75.31% <100.00%> (+<0.01%) ⬆️

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Actionable comments posted: 1


  • 🪄 Fix CodeRabbit comments on this PR
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Inline comments:
In @.changeset/013-css-hoisted-nested-join.md:
- Line 5: Rewrite the changeset sentence as a single imperative sentence of 80
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  • test/configCases/css/minify-hoisted-nested-join/style.css
  • test/configCases/css/minify-hoisted-nested-join/test.config.js
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  • test/unitCases/CssSyntax.unittest.js

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"webpack": patch
---

Join the rules a lowered nesting hoist leaves side by side, so the printer writes what a second pass would.

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📐 Maintainability & Code Quality | 🟡 Minor | ⚡ Quick win

Shorten the changeset sentence.

Line 5 exceeds the 80-character limit. Rewrite it as one imperative sentence of 80 characters or fewer.

As per path instructions, changeset sentences must be 80 characters or fewer.

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only still-valid issues, skip the rest with a brief reason, keep changes
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In @.changeset/013-css-hoisted-nested-join.md at line 5, Rewrite the changeset
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Source: Path instructions

… reaches

`text` is built from this rule's own `prelude` and `rest` a few lines above,
so the check that they match could never fail — it did not fire once across
4232 parses of the comparison corpus. The run's cases are covered instead: a
parent declaring nothing, a selector the hoist wrote twice, which the list
reads back out, a deeper hoist feeding the run above it, and a parent written
as a list.
@codspeed

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Merging this PR will improve performance by 44.77%

⚠️ Different runtime environments detected

Some benchmarks with significant performance changes were compared across different runtime environments,
which may affect the accuracy of the results.

Open the report in CodSpeed to investigate

⚡ 4 improved benchmarks
✅ 396 untouched benchmarks
⏩ 6 skipped benchmarks1

Performance Changes

Mode Benchmark BASE HEAD Efficiency
⚡ Memory unit benchmark "js-parser-unit", source 'lodash-es' 271.7 KB 109.1 KB ×2.5
⚡ Memory benchmark "unsafe-cache", scenario '{"name":"mode-production","mode":"production"}' 17 MB 14.1 MB +20.96%
⚡ Memory benchmark "no-concatenation", scenario '{"name":"mode-production","mode":"production"}' 16.9 MB 14 MB +20.95%
⚡ Memory benchmark "resolve-unsafe-cache", scenario '{"name":"mode-production","mode":"production"}' 17.1 MB 14.2 MB +20.51%

Tip

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Footnotes

  1. 6 benchmarks were skipped, so the baseline results were used instead. If they were deleted from the codebase, click here and archive them to remove them from the performance reports. ↩

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Caution

Some comments are outside the diff and can’t be posted inline due to GitHub limitations.

⚠️ Outside diff range comments (1)

🟡 Minor · Guard parent absorption with hoistable. · syntax-printer.js:2009-2012

lib/css/syntax-printer.js:2009-2012
🎯 Functional Correctness | 🟡 Minor | ⚡ Quick win

Guard parent absorption with hoistable.

When out !== text, the caller passes hoistable = false and returns out + nested. This code still sets _nestedTookParent and adds the current parent to held when a taken child has the same rest. nested then contains the parent rule again, so the rewritten parent is emitted twice.

Gate _nestedTookParent and the held initialization on hoistable.

Proposed fix
-	_nestedTookParent =
-		rest !== null && taken.length !== 0 && taken[0].rest === rest;
-	if (rest !== null && _nestedTookParent) {
+	_nestedTookParent =
+		hoistable &&
+		rest !== null &&
+		taken.length !== 0 &&
+		taken[0].rest === rest;
+	if (_nestedTookParent) {
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In `@lib/css/syntax-printer.js` around lines 2009 - 2012, Gate _nestedTookParent
on hoistable and use that guarded condition for held initialization, so parent
absorption only occurs when hoisting is allowed and rewritten parents are not
emitted twice.

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Outside diff comments:
In `@lib/css/syntax-printer.js`:
- Around line 2009-2012: Gate _nestedTookParent on hoistable and use that
guarded condition for held initialization, so parent absorption only occurs when
hoisting is allowed and rewritten parents are not emitted twice.

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A hoisted rule is written out as text, and the rule it was written in records
nothing for it — so the writer read an opaque entry and offered it no join,
whatever stood either side: `a{color:red}a{.x{color:red}}` printed two rules
where a second pass writes `a,a .x{color:red}`. A run that wrote one rule
records it, which is what a join reads a prelude off. A run that wrote
several has no one prelude and stays as written.
One changeset per pull request: both commits join what the hoist leaves
beside each other, so they read as one line in the changelog.
@alexander-akait
alexander-akait merged commit 063d146 into webpack:main Sep 23, 2026
67 checks passed
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This PR is packaged and the instant preview is available (063d146).

Install it locally:

  • npm
npm i -D webpack@https://pkg.pr.new/webpack@063d146
  • yarn
yarn add -D webpack@https://pkg.pr.new/webpack@063d146
  • pnpm
pnpm add -D webpack@https://pkg.pr.new/webpack@063d146

markharding pushed a commit to futo-org/Harbor that referenced this pull request Oct 20, 2026
This PR contains the following updates:

| Package | Change | [Age](https://docs.renovatebot.com/merge-confidence/) | [Confidence](https://docs.renovatebot.com/merge-confidence/) |
|---|---|---|---|
| [webpack](https://github.com/webpack/webpack) | [`5.111.1` → `5.112.0`](https://renovatebot.com/diffs/npm/webpack/5.111.1/5.112.0) | ![age](https://developer.mend.io/api/mc/badges/age/npm/webpack/5.112.0?slim=true) | ![confidence](https://developer.mend.io/api/mc/badges/confidence/npm/webpack/5.111.1/5.112.0?slim=true) |

---

> ⚠️ **Warning**
>
> Some dependencies could not be looked up. Check the [Dependency Dashboard](issues/99) for more information.

---

### Release Notes

<details>
<summary>webpack/webpack (webpack)</summary>

### [`v5.112.0`](https://github.com/webpack/webpack/blob/HEAD/CHANGELOG.md#51120)

[Compare Source](webpack/webpack@v5.111.1...v5.112.0)

##### Minor Changes

- Apply `plugins` set on a multi-configuration array to the `MultiCompiler`. (by [@&#8203;alexander-akait](https://github.com/alexander-akait) in [#&#8203;22702](webpack/webpack#22702))

- Add `optimization.minimize.css.dropOverriddenDeclarations`, dropping a declaration a later one overrides where no target is named. (by [@&#8203;alexander-akait](https://github.com/alexander-akait) in [#&#8203;22175](webpack/webpack#22175))

- Export more plugins under their scope, move eleven loose exports under theirs, deprecate the old, and expose `template.DependencyTemplate`, `module.NullFactory` and `util.makeSerializable`. (by [@&#8203;alexander-akait](https://github.com/alexander-akait) in [#&#8203;22261](webpack/webpack#22261))

- Let `util.makeSerializable` take several requests, current one first. (by [@&#8203;alexander-akait](https://github.com/alexander-akait) in [#&#8203;22340](webpack/webpack#22340))

- Emit the source map `scopes` field, so a debugger resolves imported ESM bindings by name. (by [@&#8203;alexander-akait](https://github.com/alexander-akait) in [#&#8203;21999](webpack/webpack#21999))

- Add `library.entryExports: "all"` to expose the exports of every entry module. (by [@&#8203;alexander-akait](https://github.com/alexander-akait) in [#&#8203;22235](webpack/webpack#22235))

- Recognize a required `const` binding assigned to `exports` as a re-export. (by [@&#8203;hai-x](https://github.com/hai-x) in [#&#8203;22276](webpack/webpack#22276))

- Accept glob patterns in more path, module and file filter options. (by [@&#8203;hai-x](https://github.com/hai-x) in [#&#8203;22422](webpack/webpack#22422))

- Bundle a run of inline `<script>` tags into one chunk the page can inline. (by [@&#8203;alexander-akait](https://github.com/alexander-akait) in [#&#8203;22188](webpack/webpack#22188))

- Add `module.parser.javascript.topLevelThis` for classic-script `this` semantics. (by [@&#8203;alexander-akait](https://github.com/alexander-akait) in [#&#8203;22193](webpack/webpack#22193))

- Add `module.parser.html.chunkName` and a `webpackChunkName` comment for tags. (by [@&#8203;alexander-akait](https://github.com/alexander-akait) in [#&#8203;22200](webpack/webpack#22200))

- Add `include`/`exclude` version and request filters to shared modules. (by [@&#8203;alexander-akait](https://github.com/alexander-akait) in [#&#8203;22297](webpack/webpack#22297))

- Keep module side-effect information in ESM output as PURE annotations. (by [@&#8203;alexander-akait](https://github.com/alexander-akait) in [#&#8203;21789](webpack/webpack#21789))

- Add `optimization.splitChunks.dedupDepth` to discover chunk intersections. (by [@&#8203;alexander-akait](https://github.com/alexander-akait) in [#&#8203;22240](webpack/webpack#22240))

- Add `optimization.minimizeOptions.json`, on by default with `futureDefaults`. (by [@&#8203;alexander-akait](https://github.com/alexander-akait) in [#&#8203;22286](webpack/webpack#22286))

- Add `SSRManifestPlugin` and fix server-rendered CSS collection and adoption. (by [@&#8203;alexander-akait](https://github.com/alexander-akait) in [#&#8203;21913](webpack/webpack#21913))

- Add an `ignore` hook to `output.copy` and keep unfollowed `from` symlinks. (by [@&#8203;alexander-akait](https://github.com/alexander-akait) in [#&#8203;22216](webpack/webpack#22216))

- Add `optimization.minimize.css.convertApproximateColors`. (by [@&#8203;alexander-akait](https://github.com/alexander-akait) in [#&#8203;22157](webpack/webpack#22157))

- Add XML parsing and SVG/XML minification with data URLs and attribute sorting. (by [@&#8203;alexander-akait](https://github.com/alexander-akait) in [#&#8203;22269](webpack/webpack#22269))

- Extract CSS/HTML license comments like JS and safely shorten CSS gradients. (by [@&#8203;alexander-akait](https://github.com/alexander-akait) in [#&#8203;22408](webpack/webpack#22408))

- Resolve an async `DefinePlugin.runtimeValue` over an async `beforeParse` hook. (by [@&#8203;alexander-akait](https://github.com/alexander-akait) in [#&#8203;22210](webpack/webpack#22210))

- Add CSS `customMedia`/`customSelectors` minimize options; resolve chained names. (by [@&#8203;alexander-akait](https://github.com/alexander-akait) in [#&#8203;22360](webpack/webpack#22360))

- Rename the `Harmony*` names to `ESM*` and deprecate the old spellings. (by [@&#8203;hai-x](https://github.com/hai-x) in [#&#8203;22283](webpack/webpack#22283))

- Reduce `css.syntax`/`html.syntax` to `parser`, `printer`, `SourceProcessor` with one node path. (by [@&#8203;alexander-akait](https://github.com/alexander-akait) in [#&#8203;22233](webpack/webpack#22233))

- Add a JavaScript `SyntaxTree` read like the CSS one, and `toEstreeObject`. (by [@&#8203;alexander-akait](https://github.com/alexander-akait) in [#&#8203;22608](webpack/webpack#22608))

- Fix minified code that threw, and add `pure_conversions` and `pure_heritage`. (by [@&#8203;alexander-akait](https://github.com/alexander-akait) in [#&#8203;22473](webpack/webpack#22473))

- Shorten more CSS values and selectors, fold longhands, order declarations and gather layer blocks. (by [@&#8203;alexander-akait](https://github.com/alexander-akait) in [#&#8203;22442](webpack/webpack#22442))

- Add `optimization.minimize.css.charset`; `false` drops `@charset` for UTF-8 CSS. (by [@&#8203;alexander-akait](https://github.com/alexander-akait) in [#&#8203;22632](webpack/webpack#22632))

##### Patch Changes

- Join rules a gathered `@layer` leaves adjacent, and an at-rule with a later one (by [@&#8203;alexander-akait](https://github.com/alexander-akait) in [#&#8203;22204](webpack/webpack#22204))
  stating the same condition; read what a condition declares.

- Read escaped CSS names and functions as spelled, and minify them unescaped. (by [@&#8203;alexander-akait](https://github.com/alexander-akait) in [#&#8203;22262](webpack/webpack#22262))

- Minify JavaScript, CSS and HTML assets whose names carry a `#fragment`. (by [@&#8203;alexander-akait](https://github.com/alexander-akait) in [#&#8203;22277](webpack/webpack#22277))

- Require `minimizer-webpack-plugin` 5.12, so inline scripts in HTML minify again. (by [@&#8203;alexander-akait](https://github.com/alexander-akait) in [#&#8203;22296](webpack/webpack#22296))

- Minify the attributes of an HTML tag without rewriting the template in it. (by [@&#8203;alexander-akait](https://github.com/alexander-akait) in [#&#8203;22166](webpack/webpack#22166))

- Order joined at-rule selector lists and gather a repeated large `@layer` block. (by [@&#8203;alexander-akait](https://github.com/alexander-akait) in [#&#8203;22224](webpack/webpack#22224))

- Preserve case-sensitive template identifiers when minifying HTML tag attributes. (by [@&#8203;bjohansebas](https://github.com/bjohansebas) in [#&#8203;22177](webpack/webpack#22177))

- Match Acorn's strict directives, Unicode identifiers and expression validation. (by [@&#8203;bjohansebas](https://github.com/bjohansebas) in [#&#8203;22185](webpack/webpack#22185))

- Skip concatenating modules when `optimization.providedExports` is disabled. (by [@&#8203;hai-x](https://github.com/hai-x) in [#&#8203;22410](webpack/webpack#22410))

- Join rules a nesting lowering or duplicate drop left for a second pass. (by [@&#8203;aryanraj45](https://github.com/aryanraj45) in [#&#8203;22268](webpack/webpack#22268))

- Write U+00A0 in a minified HTML attribute as the character, not `&nbsp;`. (by [@&#8203;alexander-akait](https://github.com/alexander-akait) in [#&#8203;22208](webpack/webpack#22208))

- Escape a foreign `<script>` or `<style>` body, which is character data. (by [@&#8203;alexander-akait](https://github.com/alexander-akait) in [#&#8203;22233](webpack/webpack#22233))

- Name the runtime module whose generation fails while hashing. (by [@&#8203;alexander-akait](https://github.com/alexander-akait) in [#&#8203;22203](webpack/webpack#22203))

- Rebuild a module in watch when its missing unused dependencies swap. (by [@&#8203;alexander-akait](https://github.com/alexander-akait) in [#&#8203;22693](webpack/webpack#22693))

- Rebuild in watch mode when a file is deleted while a build is running. (by [@&#8203;alexander-akait](https://github.com/alexander-akait) in [#&#8203;22650](webpack/webpack#22650))

- Take out the declaration a lowered shorthand writes over, which its source spelling made look like a fallback. (by [@&#8203;aryanraj45](https://github.com/aryanraj45) in [#&#8203;22270](webpack/webpack#22270))

- Read a foreign `<script>` or `<style>` body as character data, not as raw text. (by [@&#8203;alexander-akait](https://github.com/alexander-akait) in [#&#8203;22258](webpack/webpack#22258))

- Keep an inline `<style>` body as written when rebuilding a page webpack emitted. (by [@&#8203;alexander-akait](https://github.com/alexander-akait) in [#&#8203;22265](webpack/webpack#22265))

- Fix minified HTML for `style` spellings, CSS quotes, `<noscript>` and a BOM. (by [@&#8203;alexander-akait](https://github.com/alexander-akait) in [#&#8203;22370](webpack/webpack#22370))

- Record a build dependency required through a spread on Bun. (by [@&#8203;alexander-akait](https://github.com/alexander-akait) in [#&#8203;22230](webpack/webpack#22230))

- Write a nested selector opening on a combinator against its parent the way the printer writes one. (by [@&#8203;aryanraj45](https://github.com/aryanraj45) in [#&#8203;22271](webpack/webpack#22271))

- Fix missing async stylesheets with a shared runtime. (by [@&#8203;bjohansebas](https://github.com/bjohansebas) in [#&#8203;22659](webpack/webpack#22659))

- Support deferred imports introduced by hot updates. (by [@&#8203;bjohansebas](https://github.com/bjohansebas) in [#&#8203;22668](webpack/webpack#22668))

- Fix trailing commas in `require.resolve()` and `require.resolveWeak()` calls. (by [@&#8203;bjohansebas](https://github.com/bjohansebas) in [#&#8203;22658](webpack/webpack#22658))

- Keep regular expressions, functions and plugins distinct in resolver caches. (by [@&#8203;bjohansebas](https://github.com/bjohansebas) in [#&#8203;22667](webpack/webpack#22667))

- Order the list a lowered nested selector lands in on what is written, not on what was. (by [@&#8203;aryanraj45](https://github.com/aryanraj45) in [#&#8203;22287](webpack/webpack#22287))

- Hoist a vendor-prefixed nested rule for a target that reads no nesting. (by [@&#8203;aryanraj45](https://github.com/aryanraj45) in [#&#8203;22308](webpack/webpack#22308))

- Name a hoisted nested rule in the dark-scheme copy it writes. (by [@&#8203;alexander-akait](https://github.com/alexander-akait) in [#&#8203;22318](webpack/webpack#22318))

- Minify data: URL payloads in HTML attributes and `new URL`, and web manifests. (by [@&#8203;alexander-akait](https://github.com/alexander-akait) in [#&#8203;22300](webpack/webpack#22300))

- fold a fallback's colors over the author's arguments, and print with (by [@&#8203;aryanraj45](https://github.com/aryanraj45) in [#&#8203;22314](webpack/webpack#22314))
  `recurseBlocks: false` rather than throwing

- Read a regular expression repeating a capture group name in linear time. (by [@&#8203;alexander-akait](https://github.com/alexander-akait) in [#&#8203;22187](webpack/webpack#22187))

- Make lazy barrels defer import declarations and keep no deferral across compilations. (by [@&#8203;hai-x](https://github.com/hai-x) in [#&#8203;22359](webpack/webpack#22359))

- Invalidate unaffected caches when connection activity or async status changes. (by [@&#8203;bjohansebas](https://github.com/bjohansebas) in [#&#8203;22431](webpack/webpack#22431))

- Order concatenated re-exports deterministically when their source order ties. (by [@&#8203;alexander-akait](https://github.com/alexander-akait) in [#&#8203;22697](webpack/webpack#22697))

- Regenerate a module's exports when a require() cycle forms or breaks around it. (by [@&#8203;aryanraj45](https://github.com/aryanraj45) in [#&#8203;22644](webpack/webpack#22644))

- Recompute re-exports, code and warnings when a module goes missing or returns. (by [@&#8203;bjohansebas](https://github.com/bjohansebas) in [#&#8203;22432](webpack/webpack#22432))

- Preserve loader resolution dependencies across cached rebuilds. (by [@&#8203;bjohansebas](https://github.com/bjohansebas) in [#&#8203;22430](webpack/webpack#22430))

- Read unwatched changes afresh and wait for restarted watch compilers to finish. (by [@&#8203;alexander-akait](https://github.com/alexander-akait) in [#&#8203;22646](webpack/webpack#22646))

- Parse loader output for `.wasm` as JavaScript when async wasm is auto-enabled. (by [@&#8203;alexander-akait](https://github.com/alexander-akait) in [#&#8203;22556](webpack/webpack#22556))

- Remove modules an async chunk inherits from a named parent chunk grown later. (by [@&#8203;hai-x](https://github.com/hai-x) in [#&#8203;22555](webpack/webpack#22555))

- Fix JavaScript minifier crashes, altered behavior, lost comments, unparsable output and null source map sources, including parameter aliases, ESTree trees and preserved names, and stop it writing into the caller's parse options. (by [@&#8203;alexander-akait](https://github.com/alexander-akait) in [#&#8203;22352](webpack/webpack#22352))

- Preserve the source phase of dynamic WebAssembly import contexts. (by [@&#8203;bjohansebas](https://github.com/bjohansebas) in [#&#8203;22604](webpack/webpack#22604))

- Await every async entry before resolving an ESM library import. (by [@&#8203;bjohansebas](https://github.com/bjohansebas) in [#&#8203;22617](webpack/webpack#22617))

- Keep unknown `import.meta` properties per module, alike for aliases and direct use. (by [@&#8203;bjohansebas](https://github.com/bjohansebas) in [#&#8203;22618](webpack/webpack#22618))

- Return WebAssembly modules directly from eager and weak source imports. (by [@&#8203;bjohansebas](https://github.com/bjohansebas) in [#&#8203;22606](webpack/webpack#22606))

- Handle missing ESM hot update manifests in Node.js without failing HMR checks. (by [@&#8203;bjohansebas](https://github.com/bjohansebas) in [#&#8203;22613](webpack/webpack#22613))

- Speed up JavaScript parsing: comment lookup, the tokenizer and the grammar. (by [@&#8203;bjohansebas](https://github.com/bjohansebas) in [#&#8203;22179](webpack/webpack#22179))

- Name a core module external by its key whichever spelling the code uses. (by [@&#8203;alexander-akait](https://github.com/alexander-akait) in [#&#8203;22565](webpack/webpack#22565))

- Prefix and drop 2009 flexbox names, keeping them where a box lays out by them. (by [@&#8203;alexander-akait](https://github.com/alexander-akait) in [#&#8203;22320](webpack/webpack#22320))

- Keep `initial` where Gecko or WebKit reads the property's keyword apart. (by [@&#8203;aryanraj45](https://github.com/aryanraj45) in [#&#8203;22176](webpack/webpack#22176))

- Fold `calc()` as lightningcss does, keeping it where a bare value is refused. (by [@&#8203;aryanraj45](https://github.com/aryanraj45) in [#&#8203;22205](webpack/webpack#22205))

- Keep a `color-mix()` whose hue rests on a gray's conversion residue. (by [@&#8203;alexander-akait](https://github.com/alexander-akait) in [#&#8203;22198](webpack/webpack#22198))

- Keep a shorthand's initial keyword where it parts two keywords of another slot. (by [@&#8203;dependabot](https://github.com/apps/dependabot) in [#&#8203;22518](webpack/webpack#22518))

- Group `lib/` and `lib/dependencies/` sources into directories. (by [@&#8203;alexander-akait](https://github.com/alexander-akait) in [#&#8203;22118](webpack/webpack#22118))

- Treat a browserslist target given at a bare major version (e.g. `safari 10`) as `<major>.0` when a feature's first supported version is a `[major, minor]` pair, so it is no longer reported as unsupported. (by [@&#8203;Eshiv-Pandey](https://github.com/Eshiv-Pandey) in [#&#8203;22280](webpack/webpack#22280))

- Keep the last HMR update with `output.clean`; stop rechecking removed files. (by [@&#8203;alexander-akait](https://github.com/alexander-akait) in [#&#8203;22339](webpack/webpack#22339))

- Read and print a CSS backslash as the spec does, and a NUL as U+FFFD. (by [@&#8203;alexander-akait](https://github.com/alexander-akait) in [#&#8203;22201](webpack/webpack#22201))

- Make minified CSS and HTML stable on a second pass, even for truncated input. (by [@&#8203;alexander-akait](https://github.com/alexander-akait) in [#&#8203;22290](webpack/webpack#22290))

- Minify a merged `<style>` run as one sheet, closing each where its input ended. (by [@&#8203;alexander-akait](https://github.com/alexander-akait) in [#&#8203;22302](webpack/webpack#22302))

- Minify JavaScript with webpack's printer under `futureDefaults`, `terser` otherwise. (by [@&#8203;alexander-akait](https://github.com/alexander-akait) in [#&#8203;22217](webpack/webpack#22217))

- Preserve `wrappedContextRegExp` flags when rebuilding context request matchers. (by [@&#8203;Eshiv-Pandey](https://github.com/Eshiv-Pandey) in [#&#8203;22303](webpack/webpack#22303))

- Minify CSS `@supports`, `@import` and `@custom-media` conditions, and exponent numbers. (by [@&#8203;alexander-akait](https://github.com/alexander-akait) in [#&#8203;22347](webpack/webpack#22347))

- Fold unitless `hsl()`/`hwb()` channels, and only where the separators are valid. (by [@&#8203;alexander-akait](https://github.com/alexander-akait) in [#&#8203;22242](webpack/webpack#22242))

- Split `@value` imports on the `from` keyword, not a substring in the path. (by [@&#8203;Eshiv-Pandey](https://github.com/Eshiv-Pandey) in [#&#8203;22306](webpack/webpack#22306))

- Destructure a dotted `DefinePlugin` key whose value is falsy or a runtimeValue. (by [@&#8203;alexander-akait](https://github.com/alexander-akait) in [#&#8203;22215](webpack/webpack#22215))

- Make `Stats.hasErrors()` read errors through the `processErrors` hook (via `getErrors()`), matching `hasWarnings()`, so a plugin that filters errors out of the hook is no longer contradicted by `hasErrors()`. (by [@&#8203;Eshiv-Pandey](https://github.com/Eshiv-Pandey) in [#&#8203;22281](webpack/webpack#22281))

- Allow wrapping an external concatenated module, now asked of the module itself, and re-exporting a JSON or asset `default` as a namespace object. (by [@&#8203;hai-x](https://github.com/hai-x) in [#&#8203;22226](webpack/webpack#22226))

- Match `urlHints` rules written with `and`, `or`, `not` and `glob` conditions; profile hook map taps, such as resolver and parser hooks, in `ProfilingPlugin`; report `import.meta` option errors inside `require.ensure` callbacks, not crash; and replace `any`, `object` and `Function` with precise types in the type definitions. (by [@&#8203;alexander-akait](https://github.com/alexander-akait) in [#&#8203;22681](webpack/webpack#22681))

- Reduce CSS and HTML build time and memory allocation. (by [@&#8203;alexander-akait](https://github.com/alexander-akait) in [#&#8203;22135](webpack/webpack#22135))

- Reuse free names instead of re-parsing modules for the entry IIFE rename. (by [@&#8203;hai-x](https://github.com/hai-x) in [#&#8203;22206](webpack/webpack#22206))

- Release each module's ast once scope-analysed, and encode each export path once. (by [@&#8203;alexander-akait](https://github.com/alexander-akait) in [#&#8203;22241](webpack/webpack#22241))

- Export a module library entry's default expression as its own binding, and keep (by [@&#8203;hai-x](https://github.com/hai-x) in [#&#8203;22227](webpack/webpack#22227))
  the export helpers where the entry is not inlined.

- Give a wrapped concatenated body the same function header as a module factory. (by [@&#8203;hai-x](https://github.com/hai-x) in [#&#8203;22254](webpack/webpack#22254))

- Skip reading every asset when no content hash is named. (by [@&#8203;alexander-akait](https://github.com/alexander-akait) in [#&#8203;22256](webpack/webpack#22256))

- Cut graph, cached set, lazy barrel and ESM import memory and allocations. (by [@&#8203;alexander-akait](https://github.com/alexander-akait) in [#&#8203;22289](webpack/webpack#22289))

- Stop a module source from being held as both a string and a buffer. (by [@&#8203;alexander-akait](https://github.com/alexander-akait) in [#&#8203;22294](webpack/webpack#22294))

- Read the browserslist data and options schema only when a build needs them. (by [@&#8203;alexander-akait](https://github.com/alexander-akait) in [#&#8203;22324](webpack/webpack#22324))

- Release the eval devtool's cached module sources after wrapping them. (by [@&#8203;alexander-akait](https://github.com/alexander-akait) in [#&#8203;22358](webpack/webpack#22358))

- Release the rendered module sources after emitting the chunks. (by [@&#8203;alexander-akait](https://github.com/alexander-akait) in [#&#8203;22365](webpack/webpack#22365))

- Cut the peak memory and time of minifying through webpack's printer. (by [@&#8203;alexander-akait](https://github.com/alexander-akait) in [#&#8203;22368](webpack/webpack#22368))

- Shrink minified JS: unwrap IIFEs, fold calls, drop dead code, split arrays. (by [@&#8203;alexander-akait](https://github.com/alexander-akait) in [#&#8203;22393](webpack/webpack#22393))

- Cut JavaScript minifier time and memory; keep token positions in large inputs. (by [@&#8203;bjohansebas](https://github.com/bjohansebas) in [#&#8203;22329](webpack/webpack#22329))

- Keep the `calc()` around a `steps()` count `jump-none` would reject bare. (by [@&#8203;alexander-akait](https://github.com/alexander-akait) in [#&#8203;22168](webpack/webpack#22168))

- Split the CSS syntax module into a parser file and a printer file. (by [@&#8203;alexander-akait](https://github.com/alexander-akait) in [#&#8203;22222](webpack/webpack#22222))

- Update enhanced-resolve to 5.26.0. (by [@&#8203;alexander-akait](https://github.com/alexander-akait) in [#&#8203;22358](webpack/webpack#22358))

- Update watchpack to 2.6.1. (by [@&#8203;alexander-akait](https://github.com/alexander-akait) in [#&#8203;22670](webpack/webpack#22670))

- Split the HTML syntax module into a parser file and a printer file. (by [@&#8203;alexander-akait](https://github.com/alexander-akait) in [#&#8203;22223](webpack/webpack#22223))

- Rename classes in `lib/` so each says what it does and no two share a name. (by [@&#8203;alexander-akait](https://github.com/alexander-akait) in [#&#8203;22361](webpack/webpack#22361))

- Keep the remote fallback index aligned with registered container externals when an `internal ` external precedes a real one. (by [@&#8203;Eshiv-Pandey](https://github.com/Eshiv-Pandey) in [#&#8203;22362](webpack/webpack#22362))

- Stop a minified inlined chunk leaving a doubled `;` in its `<script>`. (by [@&#8203;alexander-akait](https://github.com/alexander-akait) in [#&#8203;22370](webpack/webpack#22370))

- Stop `mergeDistantRules` mangling rules or reordering `all`, and merge more. (by [@&#8203;alexander-akait](https://github.com/alexander-akait) in [#&#8203;22370](webpack/webpack#22370))

- Minify by parsing with webpack's own parser rather than terser's. (by [@&#8203;alexander-akait](https://github.com/alexander-akait) in [#&#8203;22397](webpack/webpack#22397))

- Read JavaScript with webpack's parser alone when minifying, refusing early errors. (by [@&#8203;alexander-akait](https://github.com/alexander-akait) in [#&#8203;22397](webpack/webpack#22397))

- Parse an `assert(...)` call after an import with no semicolon, and a regular expression after `yield` in a generator method. (by [@&#8203;alexander-akait](https://github.com/alexander-akait) in [#&#8203;22406](webpack/webpack#22406))

- Keep the private names a direct `eval` reads when mangling. (by [@&#8203;aryanraj45](https://github.com/aryanraj45) in [#&#8203;22412](webpack/webpack#22412))

- Keep a class dropped for its effects where they read a private name it declares. (by [@&#8203;aryanraj45](https://github.com/aryanraj45) in [#&#8203;22421](webpack/webpack#22421))

- Parenthesize the right side of a private `in`, a `yield`, `await`, private `in` or optional chain tagging a template, and a `let` or `async` starting a statement or loop head, where the minifier printed code that no longer parsed or read otherwise. (by [@&#8203;aryanraj45](https://github.com/aryanraj45) in [#&#8203;22437](webpack/webpack#22437))

- Keep a name a parameter list or catch parameter reads from resolving to what the function body or catch block declares, which the minifier renamed or dropped as unused. (by [@&#8203;aryanraj45](https://github.com/aryanraj45) in [#&#8203;22439](webpack/webpack#22439))

- Scope and export a CSS Modules `@value` the same way whether local or imported. (by [@&#8203;alexander-akait](https://github.com/alexander-akait) in [#&#8203;22443](webpack/webpack#22443))

- Keep CSS `border: none` and gradient fallbacks for units a target cannot read. (by [@&#8203;alexander-akait](https://github.com/alexander-akait) in [#&#8203;22567](webpack/webpack#22567))

- Keep minified CSS safe for older browsers; drop dead fallbacks and overrides. (by [@&#8203;alexander-akait](https://github.com/alexander-akait) in [#&#8203;22696](webpack/webpack#22696))

- Keep CSS rules apart from a neighbor whose selector no browser parses. (by [@&#8203;alexander-akait](https://github.com/alexander-akait) in [#&#8203;22634](webpack/webpack#22634))

- Keep an `:nth-*()` argument with a space after its sign as written. (by [@&#8203;alexander-akait](https://github.com/alexander-akait) in [#&#8203;22700](webpack/webpack#22700))

- Keep minified CSS readable by browsers the compat data does not cover. (by [@&#8203;alexander-akait](https://github.com/alexander-akait) in [#&#8203;22701](webpack/webpack#22701))

- Keep a module its chunk still needs after `compilation.rebuildModule()`. (by [@&#8203;alexander-akait](https://github.com/alexander-akait) in [#&#8203;22705](webpack/webpack#22705))

- Keep a CSS rule nested under a selector opening on a combinator when lowering. (by [@&#8203;alexander-akait](https://github.com/alexander-akait) in [#&#8203;22707](webpack/webpack#22707))

- Use module paths for webpack's built-in minimizers so parallel minification can load them directly in workers instead of serializing their function sources. (by [@&#8203;xiaoxiaojx](https://github.com/xiaoxiaojx) in [#&#8203;22309](webpack/webpack#22309))

- Keep stats from an earlier build readable after a later build no longer has one of their modules. (by [@&#8203;alexander-akait](https://github.com/alexander-akait) in [#&#8203;22695](webpack/webpack#22695))

</details>

---

### Configuration

📅 **Schedule**: (UTC)

- Branch creation
  - "before 9am on tuesday"
- Automerge
  - At any time (no schedule defined)

🚦 **Automerge**: Disabled by config. Please merge this manually once you are satisfied.

♻ **Rebasing**: Whenever PR becomes conflicted, or you tick the rebase/retry checkbox.

🔕 **Ignore**: Close this PR and you won't be reminded about this update again.

---

 - [ ] <!-- rebase-check -->If you want to rebase/retry this PR, check this box

---

This PR has been generated by [Mend Renovate CLI](https://github.com/renovatebot/renovate).
<!--renovate-debug:eyJjcmVhdGVkSW5WZXIiOiI0NC4xNjcuMCIsInVwZGF0ZWRJblZlciI6IjQ0LjE2Ny4wIiwidGFyZ2V0QnJhbmNoIjoiZGV2ZWxvcCIsImxhYmVscyI6WyJkZXBlbmRlbmNpZXMiLCJyZW5vdmF0ZSJdfQ==-->

Reviewed-on: https://code.futo.org/harbor/harbor/pulls/1941
Reviewed-by: Mark Harding <mark@futo.org>
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